-
1 praecipito
praecĭpĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [praeceps], to throw or cast down headlong, to precipitate (class.; syn.. deicio, deturbo, proruo).I.Act.A.Lit.:2.pilae in mare praecipitatae,
Nep. Alcib. 6 fin.:truncas rupes in tecta domosque,
Stat. Th. 10, 881: currum scopulis, hurl or dash against, Ov. M. 15, 518:pinus,
Stat. Achill. 2, 546.— Freq. with se or pass. in middle sense:se e Leucade,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 41:se a tecto,
Sen. Ep. 4, 4:se de turri,
Liv. 23, 37:sese in fossas,
Caes. B. C. 3, 69:praecipitasse se quosdam constabat (sc. de muro),
threw themselves from the wall, Liv. 23, 19, 6; Hor. S. 2, 3, 277:plerique semet ipsi praecipitaverunt,
Liv. 21, 14, 1:se in Tiberim,
id. 4, 12, 11; Caes. B. G. 4, 15; Curt. 4, 16, 16; 6, 6, 32;Auct. B. Alex. 18: ubi Nilus praecipitans se fragore auditum accolis aufert,
Plin. 6, 29, 35, § 118:praecipitare volens etiam pulcherrima,
to throw overboard, Juv. 12, 38.—Mid.:cum alii super vallum praecipitarentur,
threw themselves down, Sall. J. 58, 6; Ov. F. 4, 164; id. M. 7, 760; 11, 556:lux Praecipitatur aquis,
sinks in the ocean, sets, id. ib. 4, 92; cf.:hac te praecipitato,
run this way, for life! Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 36.— Absol.: si quando iis (parvis) ludentes minamur, praecipitaturos alicunde, extimescunt, that we will throw them down from any place (= nos eos dejecturos), Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 31.—Transf., in gen., to bend a thing down:B.vitem,
Cato, R. R. 32, 2:partem (vitis),
Col. 4, 20, 4:palmitem,
id. 5, 6, 33.—Trop.1.To throw, hurl, or cast down, to precipitate: [p. 1414] praecipitari ex altissimo dignitatis gradu, Cic. Dom. 37, 98; cf.:2.in tanta mala praeeipitatus ex patrio regno,
Sall. J. 14, 23.— Esp. with reflex. pron.:semet ipse praecipitare,
to hasten to ruin, destroy one's self, Sall. J. 41, 9:se in exitium,
Cels. 3, 21:se in insidias,
Liv. 3, 18, 7 dub. (Madv. omits se):furor iraque mentem Praecipitant,
carry away, urge onward, sway violently, Verg. A. 2, 317:spem festinando praecipitare,
Ov. P. 3, 1, 140:in senectam praecipitare,
to cause to grow old prematurely, Plin. 17, 12, 19, § 94:quosdam praecipitat subjecta potentia magnae Invidiae,
Juv. 10, 56.—In pass., Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43: nox praecipitata, declining, i. e. drawing to a close, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 47; cf.: aetas praecipitata (opp. adulescens), declining age, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5.—To hasten, hurry a thing (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):3.quae Praecipitent obitum,
hasten their setting, Cic. Arat. 349:vindemiam,
Col. 3, 21, 10:consulta viri,
Sil. 3, 166:ne praecipitetur editio,
Quint. Ep. ad Tryph. 2:consilia raptim praecipitata,
precipitate, Liv. 31, 32.— Poet.:moras,
i. e. exchange delay for haste, Verg. A. 8, 443; 12, 699:Tiphyn pelago parari praecipitat,
Val. Fl. 2, 390:cursum,
Juv. 15, 78.—With acc. and inf., to hasten, press, urge to do any thing ( poet.):II.dare tempus Praecipitant curae,
Verg. A. 11, 3:si praecipitant miserum cognoscere curae,
Stat. Th. 1, 679. —Neutr., to hasten or rush down, to throw one's self down, rush headlong, sink rapidly, to fall (class., but only of involuntary falling; cf. I. A.).A.Lit.:B.praecipitare istuc quidem est, non descendere,
Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 90:de montibus altis ad terram,
Lucr. 4, 1021:ubi Nilus praecipitat ex altissimis montibus,
Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 19; cf.:Fibrenus... statim praecipitat in Lirem,
id. Leg. 2, 3, 6: and:in amni praecipitante,
id. de Or. 3, 48, 186:nimbi In vada praecipitant,
Verg. A. 9, 670; 11, 617:in fossam,
Liv. 25, 11, 6; 7, 6, 9; 38, 2, 14;39, 2, 3: in insidias,
id. 2, 51; 5, 18; Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 82:non fugis hinc praeceps, dum praecipitare potestas?
Verg. A. 4, 565:sol praecipitans,
Cic. de Or. 3, 55, 209:jam nox caelo Praecipitat,
is sinking, draws to a close, Verg. A. 2, 9:hiems jam praecipitaverat,
had closed, come to an end, Caes. B. C. 3, 25.—Trop.1.To fall down, to fall, rush, or sink to ruin:2.qui in amorem Praecipitavit, pejus perit quam si saxo saliat,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 31:praecipitantes impellere, certe est inhumanum,
Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2; so,praecipitantem impellamus,
id. Clu. 26, 70:ubi non subest, quo praecipitet ac decidat,
he may tumble down, id. Rep. 1, 45, 69:praecipitante re publicā,
id. Sull. 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 31, 87; and:cum ad Cannas praecipitasset Romana res,
Liv. 27, 40:ad exitium praecipitans,
Cic. Att. 3, 15, 7.—To be too hasty:cum vitiosum sit adsentiri quicquam aut falsum aut incognitum, sustinenda est potius omnis adsensio, ne praecipitet, si temere processerit,
Cic. Ac. 2, 21, 68.—Hence, praecĭpĭ-tanter, adv., hastily, precipitately:agens mannos ad villam,
Lucr. 3, 1063. -
2 praecipitō
praecipitō āvī, ātus, āre [praeceps], to throw headlong, cast down, hurl down, precipitate: p<*>ae in mare praecipitatae, N.: currum scopulis, hurl against, O.: se ex altissimo muro: sese in fossas, Cs.: se (sc. de muro), L.: se in Tiberim, L.: se in medios ignīs, Cu.: etiam pulcherrima, throw overboard, Iu.: cum alii super vallum praecipitarentur, threw themselves down, S.: lux Praecipitatur aquis, sets in the ocean, O.: hac te praecipitato, run this way for life! T.: iis (parvis) minari, praecipitaturos alicunde, threaten to throw them down.—To rush down, throw oneself down, rush headlong, sink rapidly, drop, tumble, fall (of involuntary falling): statim praecipitat in Lirem: nimbi In vada praecipitant, V.: in fossam, L.: sol praecipitans: iam nox caelo Praecipitat, is sinking, V.: hiems iam praecipitaverat, had come to an end, Cs.—Fig., to throw down, hurl down, precipitate: praecipitari ex altissimo dignitatis gradu: semet ipse praecipitare, destroy oneself, S.: se in insidias, L.: furor iraque mentem Praecipitant, carry headlong, V.: quosdam praecipitat potentia Invidiae, Iu.: nox praecipitata, declining, O.— To hasten, hurry: quae Praecipitent obitum, hasten their setting: praecipitata raptim consilia, precipitate, L.: moras, i. e. exchange for haste, V.: dare tempus Praecipitant curae, hasten, V.— To fall down, fall, sink, be ruined: ubi non subest, quo praecipitet, may tumble down: cum ad Cannas praecipitasset Romana res, L.: ad exitium praecipitans.— To be too hasty, be precipitate: sustinenda est adsensio, ne praecipitet: praecipitare istuc quidem est, non descendere, to jump at a conclusion.* * *praecipitare, praecipitavi, praecipitatus Vthrow headlong, cast down -
3 ὁρμάω
A : [tense] aor.ὥρμησα Il.6.338
, Pl. Ion 534c; [dialect] Lacon. imper. ὅρμᾱον, i.e. ὅρμαὁν, = ὅρμησον, Ar.Lys. 1247: [tense] pf. :—[voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., Pi.N.1.5, A.Pr. 339, Hdt.1.17, etc.: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.ὡρμᾶτο Il.3.142
: [tense] fut.ὁρμήσομαι Hdt.5.34
, X.Cyr.7.1.9,ὁρμηθήσομαι Gal.5.85
: [tense] aor.ὡρμησάμην Il.21.595
, v.l. in Hes.Sc. 127 ([etym.] ἐφ-), never in Prose, exc.ἐξ- X.HG6.5.20
codd.: more freq. in pass. formὡρμήθην Il.5.12
, al., Th.3.98, etc.: [tense] pf.ὥρμημαι S.El.70
, E. El. 340, Th.6.33, etc.: [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl. [tense] pf. and [tense] plpf. ὁρμέαται and - έατο (with vv. ll. ὡρμ-) Hdt.5.121, 8.35 ; in Hom. codd. usu. have the augm., but Aristarch. read ὁρμήθησαν in Il.10.359: ([etym.] ὁρμή):A [voice] Act.,I causal, set in motion, urge on, cheer on,τινὰ εἰς πόλεμον Il.6.338
, Th.1.127 ;τινὰ ποτὶ κλέος Pi.O.10(11).21
;τὸ στράτευμα ὁ. ἐπὶ τὰς Ἀθήνας Hdt.8.106
, cf. S.Aj. 174 (lyr.), E.Or. 352 (anap.); , cf. Ion 534c ;[τὰ] ὁρμῶντα [σώματα] Hp.Epid.6.8.7
; (lyr.); ὁ. τινὰ ἐκ χερός tear from one's arms, Id.Hec. 143 (anap.):—[voice] Pass., ὁρμηθεὶς θεοῦ ἄρχετο inspired by the god he began, Od.8.499 ;πρὸς θεῶν ὡρμημένος S.El.70
;ὑπὸ ἔρωτος Pl.Smp. 181d
; ἵπποι.. ὁρμηθέντες ὑπὸ πληγῇσιν ἱμάσθλης urged on by.., Od.13.82.2 with a thing as the object, stir up,πόλεμον 18.376
: c. acc. et inf.,τὰς διόδους τῶν πτερῶν.. ὥρμησε πτεροφυεῖν Pl.Phdr. 255d
:—[voice] Pass., was sped,S.
El. 196 (lyr.).II more freq. intr., start,1 c. inf., ἴρηξ ὃς ὁρμήσῃ διώκειν ὄρνεον ἄλλο starts in chase of.., Il.13.64; ὁσσάκι δ' ὁρμήσειε πυλάων.. ἀντίον ἀΐξασθαι whenever he started to rush for the gates, 22.194 ;ὁσσάκι δ' ὁρμήσειε.. στῆναι ἐναντίβιον 21.265
; ἐξελαύνειν ὁρμῆσαι τὸν στρατόν began to lead out.., Hdt.1.76, cf.7.150 ; eager to..,S.
Ant. 133 (lyr.); .2 c. gen., rush headlong at one,Τρώων Il.4.335
: more freq. with Preps.,ὁ. ἐπί τινα Hes.Sc. 403
, Hdt. 1.1, etc.;πύργωμα Καδμείων ἔπι E.Supp. 1220
;εἴς τινας X.Cyr.7.1.17
;καθ' αὑτούς Id.An.5.7.25
; also ὁ. ἐς μάχην hasten to battle, A.Pers. 394 ; (lyr.) ;εἰς τὸ διώκειν X.An.1.8.25
;ἐπὶ ἁρπαγάς Pl.R. 391d
;ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἀθηναίους Th.7.34
; ὥρμασε ([dialect] Dor.) (Chersonesus, ii B. C.): without any sense of hostility, rush, (lyr.);ἐς πατρὸς δόμους Id.Med. 1178
; set out,ἀπὸ [τῆς Οἰνόης] Th.2.19
;ἐς φυγήν Hdt.7.179
, etc.;εἰς τὸ ἐπ' ἐκεῖνα τῆς γῆς Pl.Phd. 112b
;ἐπ' ἄλλον λόγον Antipho 3.4.5
;ἐπὶ τὸ σκοπεῖν X.Mem.3.7.9
; ἐπὶ τραγῳδίαν ὥρμηκε has turned to tragedy, Alex.135.14 ; δηλώσεις.. τὴν φύσιν ἐπὶ τί μάλισθ' ὥρμηκε, i. e. what your natural bent is, ib.8 ;φυσικῶς ἐπὶ τὴν ὀργὴν ὁρμᾶν Phld.Ir.93
W.;πρὸς τὰς πράξεις Id.Mus.p.71
K.;ἐπὶ φιλοσοφίαν Id.Acad.Ind.p.64
M. ;πρὸς τὰς ὀχείας Arist.HA 546a15
: c. acc. cogn.,ὁδόν X.An.3.1.8
;στρατείαν Id.Cyr.8.6.20
.3 abs., start, begin,ὥσπερ ὡρμήσαμεν, ἴωμεν Pl.Prt. 314b
, cf. R. 425c; αἱ μάλιστα ὁρμήσασαι [νῆες] the ships that were hottest in pursuit, Th.8.34.B [voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., like the intr. [voice] Act., A. II:1 c. inf., μὴ φεύγειν ὁρμήσωνται that they put not themselves in motion, set not themselves to flee, Il.8.511 ; soδιώκειν ὁρμήθησαν 10.359
, cf. Od.4.282 ; ὡρμήθη κόρυθα κρατὸς ἀφαρπάξαι he rushed to snatch.., Il.13.188, cf. 182 ; ἦτορ ὡρμᾶτο πτολεμίζειν ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι was eager to.., 21.572 ; μᾶλλον ὅρμητο στρατεύεσθαι was eager to march, Hdt.7.1, cf. 19, al., Th.3.45 ; ὅδε ὁ λόγος ὅρμηται λέγεσθαι this account has begun to be given, Hdt.4.16, cf. 6.86.δ' ( λέγεσθαι is restored for λέγεται in 3.56); but λόγον, τὸν ὅρμητο λέγειν which he purposed to make, Id.5.50.2 the object for or after which one goes is sts. in gen., Il.14.488, 21.595 : a case with a Prep.,ὡρμήθησαν ἐπ' ἀνδράσιν Od.10.214
;ἐπί τινα S.Aj.47
, etc.;εἴς τινα X.Cyr.7.1.9
; μετά τινα after one, Il.17.605 ; soὁ. ἐπὶ τὸ ἱρόν Hdt.8.35
;ἐς πύλας A.Th.31
;πρὸς δόμους E.Hipp. 1152
;ἐπ' ἀλήθειαν Pl.Sph. 228c
;ἐς φυγήν Th.4.14
;πρὸς τίσιν S.OC 1328
;πρὸς τὸ κρατεῖν Pl.R. 581a
;[ἡ ποίησις] πρὸς ἡδονὴν ὥρμηται Id.Grg. 502c
; οἱ περὶ λόγον ἢ παιδείαν ὁρμώμενοι persons keen about.., Vett.Val.199.5 : rarely c. acc. loci,νερτέρας πλάκας S.OC 1576
(lyr.).b the starting-point is expressed byἐκ, ὡρμᾶτ' ἐκ θαλάμοιο Il.3.142
, cf. 9.178, etc. ; or ἀπό, S.Tr. 156, Pl. Phd. 101d, etc.;ἀπὸ φιλοσοφίας Phld.Rh.1.357
S.; or by a form in-θεν, σέθεν.. ὕμνος ὁρμᾶται θέμεν αἶνον Pi.N.1.5
: in historical Prose, ὁρμᾶσθαι ἐκ.. start from, begin from, esp. of the place where one carries on any regular operations, ἐνθεῦτεν ὁρμώμενοι living there and going out from thence to do their daily work, Hdt.1.17 ; of fishers,ἐκ πλοίων ὁρμώμενοι Id.3.98
; of a general, making that place his head-quarters or base of operations, Id.8.133, cf. 5.125, al., Th.1.64, 2.69, al.; ἀπ' ἐλασσόνων ὁρμώμενος setting out, beginning with smaller means, ib.65, cf. 1.144 ; of rivers,ἐκ τῆς Ἴδης ὁ.
rising..,Pl.
Lg. 682b.3 abs., rush, dart, attack, Il.5.12, Od.12.126, al., S.OC 1068 (lyr.); also with ἔγχεϊ, ξιφέεσσι, etc., added, Il. 5.855, 17.530, 13.496, al.b generally, hasten, be eager, , cf. 395 ;ἀλλ' ἥδε.. ὁρμᾶται
comes forth,Id.
Pers. 151 (anap.);τὸ φέγγος ὁρμάσθω πυρός Id.Eu. 1029
; ὕβρις ἀτάρβητα ὁρμᾶται insolence goes fearless forth, S.Aj. 197 (lyr.).
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